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Typical Traffic Accidents of Hazardous Frivers Focusing on the Elderly
Krchová, Zuzana ; Semela, Marek (referee) ; Schmeidler, Karel (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on the issue of seniors in transportation and examines the typical causes of traffic accidents caused by the participation of persons of this age category. The theoretical part of the thesis explains the demographic development of the society with regard to the population’s mobility and describes the personality of the person in the transport environment from the traffic psychology point of view focusing on seniors. The empirical part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of traffic accidents with the participation of seniors, defining the causes. It sets out the practical tools that can be used to objectively assess the driver's ability to drive in terms of driver's age and the possibility of reducing the number of traffic accidents caused by the elderly.
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The ACFS assessment approach and its use in different cultures
Šetková, Lucie ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Rázgová, Lenka (referee)
This thesis deals with the assessment approach called the Application of Cognitive Functions Scale (ACFS) and the possibilities of its use in the Czech Republic and in other cultures. The theoretical part first briefly introduces the principles of dynamic testing, and then focuses on the ACFS assessment approach, the examination process and the subscales on which the child is evaluated. The thesis further analyses the possibilities of using ACFS for both diagnostic and research purposes. Last but not least, it will provide insight into several surveys from diverse cultural backgrounds made using ACFS. The thesis also includes a research proposal, which aims to verify the validity of ACFS as a tool for diagnosing school maturity.
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The influence of thyroid hormones and adrenal glands on mental function
Augustinová, Jana ; Šivicová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Špinka, Marek (referee)
This thesis focuses on effects of thyroid and adrenal hormones on mental functions, especially on cognitive functions and emotions. In the case of adrenal hormones it will also focus on stress and burnout syndrome, which are not considered as mental functions, but are connected to both psyche and the above mentioned hormones. The text is divided into two parts. The first, theoretical part deals with the anatomy and histology of these two organs, hormones that they produce and their influence on overall physical condition and pathology. The main section of this theoretical part deals with the description of influence of thyroid hormones and adrenal glands on the above mentioned mental functions. This work is based on both earlier and contemporary research, but predominantly on foreign research. In the second, empirical part, a proposal for longitudinal study of cortisol and thyroxine levels during depression treatment is presented. Klíčová slova: Hormones, thyroid glang, adrenal gland, mental functions, cognitive functions, emotions, stress, cortisol, thyroxine
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Support of child cognitive development in home and school environment with focus on mnemonics
Kytka, Igor ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Stehlík, Luděk (referee)
This thesis entitled Support of child cognitive development in home and school environment with focus on mnemonics outlines the theories of the cognitive development of preschool and school age. Also includes a summary of characteristics of these age periods. This thesis also includes the presentation of selected approaches to cognitive development, such as conceptual learning, or Learning Power, both from a theoretical as well as practical perspective. The practical part of this work is based on the application of training Loci technique and determining their impact on improving cognitive functions in children at primary school, aged 6-12 years. Keywords: cognitive development, cognitive functions, mnemonics, programs for enhancing cognitive functions, preschool age, school age, education, learning
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The Clock Drawing Test: Normative data for Czech elderly
Mazancová, Adéla ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Vranka, Marek (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of limited normative data and its aim is to report the norms of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in a large sample of cognitively healthy Czech elderly (N = 501; aged 60 to 99). The CDT is a commonly used tool for screening of cognitive functions. We worked with the following version of test: clock drawing with pre- drawn circle and time setting 13.45 using three different scoring systems (Babins, Slater, Whitehead, & Chertkow, 2008; Cohen, Ricci, Kibby, & Edmonds, 2000; Shulman, Pushkar Gold, Cohen, & Zucchero, 1993). As a result, we found a significant effect of age and education, but non-significant effect of gender on CDT performance in old age. Therefore normative data was calculated considering those two demografical variables; the tables present means, standard deviations and t-scores based on defined subgroups. The results indicate that CDT performance of cognitively healthy elderly is negatively influenced by age, while directly proportional effect of education. Moreover it seems that the range of scores of the test grows with increasing age. Data collected in this thesis may be used for a more effective and standardized interpretation of CDT performance in old age in both clinical context and research. We also confirmed high inter-rater reliability...
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Factors of cognitive superaging - a systematic review
Thompsonová, Eliška ; Daďová, Klára (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Lifestyle Factors and Successful Ageing: A Systematic Review on the SuperAger Phenomenon Background: As the world's population continues to age, the importance of studying the elders becomes more relevant. Age is one of the most prominent risk factors for diseases and understanding how to overcome or prevent the onset of any of them should be the goal for us as health promoting professionals. One of the straight-forward preventive measures is lifestyle. Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to assemble lifestyle factors that potentially contribute to the successful ageing of SuperAgers. Methods: A total of 6 databases were systematically reviewed using keywords established to help answer the review question. 654 studies were identified through the primary search and 10 studies were identified by hand search. After removing the duplicates, another 590 studies were excluded and 20 studies were selected for further eligibility. These studies were assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Results: The number of studies finally retrieved from the systematic search was 20. Physical activity was identified as the most likely lifestyle factor to be positively associated with SuperAgeing. Social engagement, diet and adherence to cognitive activities were also found to be influential, as opposed to...
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Occupational Therapy Program in the cognitive Day Care Centre of the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine General University Hospital
Filipčíková, Šárka ; Krivošíková, Mária (advisor) ; Šebková, Natálie (referee)
DIPLOMOVÉ PRÁCE (v AJ) Jméno, příjmení: Bc. Šárka Filipčíková Vedoucí práce: Bc. Mária Krivošíková, M.Sc. Název diplomové práce: Occupational therapy program in the cognitive Day Care Centre of the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine General University Hospital Abstract: Cognitive functions are an essential part of every individual's daily life. Day Care Centers focused on cognitive rehabilitation are still not yet availeble, well known and widespread in the Czech Republic. The diploma thesis focuses on rehabilitation programs for people with acquired brain injury. The main aim is provide an overview of therapeutic programs that focus on cognitive rehabilitation. The theoretical part of the work also deals with the issue related to the rehabilitation of cognitive function. The aim of the practical part is to verify the effect of intensive 4-week memory therapy in the cognitive program of patients with acquired brain injury at the Day Care Centers of the Charles University 1st Faculty of the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine General Faculty Hospital. A secondary aim is to update the protocol of the aforementiones program and verify its feasibility by occupational therapists. Data for the program analysis were obtained from the initial and final examinations performed by the occupational...
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The effect of activity - inactivity on human cognitive function
Mandlík, Kryštof ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
This thesis adresses the effect of physical activity on human cognitive functions. It is based on the already proven fact that movement and physical activity have positive effect on human ascending reticular activating system. The experiment was conducted in two groups of different age. As a control group we used students not engaging in any activity. As a form of physical activity we chose brisk walk. The effect on cognitive function was based on direct measuring of memory in a form of recall test and on phonologic test of verbal fluence. Standardized questioners like Montreal cognitive test or MMSE weren't found apropriate because they are intended for use in case of impaired cognitive function. The aim of this thesis was to bring further findings on this topic. We were unable to confirm a statistically significant positive effect of physical activity on human cognition.
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Neuropsychiatric and cognitive aspects of early stages of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders in late-life
Matušková, Veronika ; Vyhnálek, Martin (advisor) ; Kopeček, Miloslav (referee) ; Mitterová, Kristína (referee)
Neuropsychiatric and cognitive aspects of early stages of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders in late-life Abstract The early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently focused on the stages preceding the dementia syndrome, i.e. the preclinical stage and the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage. However, the detection of AD using specific biomarkers of beta amyloid and tau protein is limited in clinical practice and often costly or invasive. Therefore, the detection of early clinical signs of AD continues to be invaluable. The aim of this dissertation is to contribute to the early diagnosis of AD by examining specific cognitive markers as well as neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), which have so far received little research and clinical attention. The first study introduces criteria for what is termed mild behavioral impairment (MBI), a syndrome analogous to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) describing new-onset and persistent NPS in older adults, and maps MBI symptoms across the cognitive spectrum with the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (MBI-C), translated and adapted in this study. The second study shows that the severity of MBI-C symptoms, particularly impulse dyscontrol and decreased motivation in non-demented older adults, is associated with lower volume or thickness of...
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